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Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor. 
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Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice
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Factors affecting empathy among indian dentists.

Soni Rajput1, Manjunath P Puranik2, Namita Shanbhag2

  • 1Department of Community Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Goa, India.

Indian Journal of Dental Research : Official Publication of Indian Society for Dental Research
|April 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is a valid tool for measuring empathy in dental students. Factors like gender and stress influence student empathy levels, impacting the patient-dentist relationship.

Keywords:
DentistIndiaInterpersonal Reactivity Indexempathyfactor analysisstudents

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Education
  • Psychology
  • Healthcare Professionalism

Background:

  • Empathy is crucial for effective patient-dentist relationships.
  • The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is widely used for empathy assessment in health professions.
  • The validity of IRI in the dental field required investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the psychometric properties of the IRI for dental students.
  • To identify factors influencing empathy levels in dental students.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional questionnaire study involving 100 dental interns and postgraduates.
  • Utilized the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) for data collection.
  • Employed Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency and confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity.

Main Results:

  • The IRI demonstrated good internal consistency and construct validity in dental students.
  • Empathic concern scores were the highest among the IRI domains.
  • Factors such as gender, career choice, academic performance, work satisfaction, depression, and stress significantly influenced empathy scores (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • The IRI is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing empathy in dental students.
  • Dental student empathy is influenced by a combination of professional and personal factors.