Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

1.6K
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
1.6K
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

862
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
862
Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

42.9K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
42.9K
Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

4.4K
Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mitochondrial complex I activity promotes antigen cross-presentation in dendritic cells.

Science immunology·2026
Same author

Microglial sTREM2 limits dyskinesia and acts on TrkB to support circuit plasticity.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Cell- and state-specific plasticity of striatal glutamatergic synapses is critical to the expression of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.

Neuron·2026
Same author

Activity-Dependent Regulation of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons by Striatal Spiny Projection Neurons.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

N-acetyl-l-leucine lowers α-synuclein levels and improves synaptic function in Parkinson's disease models.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026
Same author

Mapping cellular vulnerability in Parkinson's disease using retro-AAVs and preformed α-synuclein fibrils.

Translational neurodegeneration·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease
08:09

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: January 7, 2014

7.8K

Selective neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson's disease.

Patricia Gonzalez-Rodriguez1, Enrico Zampese1, D James Surmeier1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.

Progress in Brain Research
|April 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis may stem from an interaction between cell-specific traits and external factors like alpha-synuclein. This review explores how these combined elements drive neurodegeneration in PD.

Keywords:
AgingAxonCalciumLewy pathologyMitochondrial dysfunctionNeurodegenerationOxidant stressParkinson's diseasePropagationSynapseα-synuclein

More Related Videos

Analyzing the Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model Induced by Adeno-associated Viral Vectors Encoding Human α-Synuclein
14:45

Analyzing the Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model Induced by Adeno-associated Viral Vectors Encoding Human α-Synuclein

Published on: July 29, 2022

6.4K
Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
10:03

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

Published on: August 16, 2020

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease
08:09

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: January 7, 2014

7.8K
Analyzing the Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model Induced by Adeno-associated Viral Vectors Encoding Human α-Synuclein
14:45

Analyzing the Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model Induced by Adeno-associated Viral Vectors Encoding Human α-Synuclein

Published on: July 29, 2022

6.4K
Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
10:03

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

Published on: August 16, 2020

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with no cure.
  • Current understanding of PD pathogenesis is incomplete, hindering therapeutic development.
  • Both cell-intrinsic and extrinsic factors are implicated in PD progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intersection of cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous processes in PD pathogenesis.
  • To explore how specific neuronal traits in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons contribute to PD.
  • To discuss the translational implications of an intersectional hypothesis for PD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing research on PD pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on SNc dopaminergic neuron vulnerability.
  • Synthesis of evidence for combined cellular and environmental factors in PD.

Main Results:

  • SNc dopaminergic neurons possess unique characteristics (long axons, autonomous activity, high oxidative stress) predisposing them to PD.
  • Misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) and inflammation are key non-cell autonomous drivers.
  • An intersection of these factors likely governs the specific pattern of pathology observed in PD.

Conclusions:

  • An intersectional hypothesis provides a framework for understanding PD pathology.
  • Targeting both intrinsic neuronal vulnerabilities and extrinsic factors may offer new therapeutic strategies for PD.
  • Further research into these interactions is crucial for developing effective PD treatments.