Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
Published on: January 17, 2025
Development of the Japanese version of the Other As Shamer Scale using item response theory
Yoichi Hiramatsu1,2,3, Kenichi Asano4,5, Yasuhiro Kotera6
1Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan. Hfcjf228@ybb.ne.jp.
Objective:
External shame reflects a person's anxiety that he or she might be rejected by others. The Other as Shamer Scale (OAS) is a scale for assessing external shame. The Japanese version of the OAS was developed, and its reliability and validity were examined using Item Response Theory (IRT).
Results:
A survey was conducted with university students (N = 199). Exploratory factor analysis of the results indicated a significantly high factor loading on the first factor, which was identical to the original version of the scale as well as high internal consistency. Moreover, the results confirmed that each item had adequate discrimination and information levels, suggesting that external shame could be discriminated against with high accuracy for a wide range of relatively low and relatively high external shame groups. These results suggest that the OAS could be used to screen external shame as a stress factor and to assess intervention effects.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Self-Report Tests of Personality
Response Surface Methodology
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model
Measures of Intelligence
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this;...
Reliability and Validity
Dose-Response Relationship: Overview

