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Visualizing Magnetic Structure in 3D Nanoscale Ni-Fe Gyroid Networks
Justin Llandro1,2,3, David M Love4, András Kovács5
1Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Nano Letters
|April 7, 2020
Summary
Researchers created nanoscale magnetic gyroids, 3D chiral networks, enabling new electromagnetic properties. These structures, fabricated near magnetic length scales, exhibit complex magnetic states for advanced applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Interacting 2D nanomagnets show unique electromagnetic properties through collective effects.
- Fabricating 3D magnetic metamaterials at nanoscale and visualizing their magnetic configurations are significant challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To fabricate and characterize nanoscale magnetic gyroids, periodic chiral networks, for 3D magnetic metamaterial applications.
- To visualize the magnetization distributions within these 3D nanostructures and interpret their magnetic behavior.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of Ni75Fe25 single-gyroid and double-gyroid nanostructures using block copolymer templating.
- Visualization of magnetization distributions using off-axis electron holography with nanometer spatial resolution.
- Interpretation of magnetic patterns through finite-element micromagnetic simulations.
Main Results:
- Successfully produced Ni75Fe25 gyroid nanostructures with a 42 nm unit cell and 11 nm diameter struts.
- Observed and visualized intricate, frustrated remanent magnetic states in the fabricated gyroids.
- Demonstrated ferromagnetic behavior without a unique equilibrium configuration in the 3D magnetic metamaterial.
Conclusions:
- Fabricated nanoscale magnetic gyroids represent a significant advancement in 3D magnetic metamaterials.
- The observed frustrated magnetic states open possibilities for novel collective phenomena in magnetism.
- These findings pave the way for 3D magnonic crystals and unconventional computing architectures.
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