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Updated: Dec 24, 2025

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Self-reported prostate cancer progression is a valid method for tracking disease advancement, especially when using multiple questions. While self-reports are accurate for identifying non-progression, medical record verification may be needed for confirmed progression events.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer progression studies are crucial for identifying mortality risk factors.
  • The validity of self-reported prostate cancer progression remains largely unknown.
  • Accurate assessment of disease progression is vital for patient management and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the accuracy of self-reported prostate cancer progression.
  • To assess the utility of self-reported data in large cohort studies.
  • To determine the reliability of self-reported progression events compared to medical records.

Main Methods:

  • A validation study was conducted using data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
  • A separate prostate cancer cohort from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC) was also included.
  • Measures of validity, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, were calculated using medical records as the gold standard.

Main Results:

  • Self-reported prostate cancer progression events, such as PSA elevation or recurrence, showed promising validity when multiple questions were used (sensitivity 0.76-0.93, specificity 0.80-0.97).
  • The negative predictive value for self-reported non-progression was high (0.92-0.98), suggesting limited need for chart review to confirm non-events.
  • The positive predictive value for self-reported progression was lower (0.50 in PLCO), indicating a potential need for medical record verification to rule out false positives.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reporting is an efficient and valid method for ascertaining prostate cancer progression in research cohorts.
  • This approach can enhance existing cancer registries with updated progression data.
  • Careful consideration of self-report limitations, particularly for positive progression events, is warranted.