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Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
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COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:22

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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Eosinophils in COPD-Current Concepts and Clinical Implications.

Katarzyna Mycroft1, Rafal Krenke1, Katarzyna Górska1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|April 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Eosinophils in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are being studied for targeted therapies. Blood eosinophil counts may guide treatment, but their predictive value for sputum eosinophilia in COPD requires further investigation.

Keywords:
COPDbiomarkereosinophilinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibits diverse inflammatory patterns, necessitating personalized treatment strategies.
  • Eosinophilic airway inflammation is a key focus for inhaled corticosteroid therapy in COPD, though its precise role remains debated.
  • Understanding the heterogeneity of COPD inflammation is crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of eosinophils in COPD pathogenesis.
  • To discuss the utility of blood eosinophil counts in COPD management and treatment guidance.
  • To evaluate the relationship between blood eosinophils and sputum eosinophilia in COPD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on eosinophilic inflammation in COPD.
  • Analysis of the role of induced sputum analysis versus blood eosinophil counts.
  • Examination of current clinical guidelines and trial data regarding eosinophil markers.

Main Results:

  • Blood eosinophil counts show limited predictive accuracy for sputum eosinophilia in COPD and can be unstable.
  • Despite limitations, blood eosinophil levels have indicated potential response to inhaled corticosteroids in some COPD trials.
  • Biologic therapies targeting eosinophils have not demonstrated efficacy in COPD treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The role of eosinophils in COPD pathogenesis is complex and not fully elucidated.
  • Blood eosinophil counts may offer some guidance for inhaled corticosteroid therapy in COPD, but with caveats.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of eosinophils in COPD.