On the biomechanics of human hip complex in vivo--II. Passive resistive properties beyond the hip complex sinus

In multisegmented mathematical models of the total human body, the resistive force properties of the major articulating joints play a direct and significant role in determining the relative motion between two body segments and in the understanding of injury mechanisms. This paper presents three-dimensional passive resistive properties beyond the maximal voluntary hip complex sinus by applying the kinematic data collection methodology developed in Part I together with a recently developed force data collection technique with sonic emitters (previously reported elsewhere by the senior author and his associates). The same three male subjects as in Part I of this paper were tested. Quantitative results were displayed by establishing the constant resistive force (moment) contours on a modified local joint axis system.