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Contribution of systemic and airway immune responses to pediatric obesity-related asthma

Laura Chen1, Kayla Collado1, Deepa Rastogi2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|April 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity is linked to asthma, with immune responses differing in obese children. Novel pathways, like CDC42, show promise for targeted obesity-related asthma therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a significant risk factor for asthma development.
  • Immune responses in obese children with asthma differ from normal-weight children.
  • Both allergic and non-allergic (non-T2) asthma phenotypes are observed in obesity-related asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying immune mechanisms in childhood obesity-related asthma.
  • To explore potential genetic and epigenetic factors influencing these immune responses.
  • To identify novel therapeutic targets for obesity-related asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on immune responses in childhood asthma and obesity.
  • Analysis of preliminary data on gene expression in non-T2 immune responses.
  • Focus on the CDC42 pathway and its role in T helper cell physiology.

Main Results:

  • Obese children with asthma exhibit distinct innate and adaptive immune profiles.
  • Non-T2 asthma phenotypes show T helper (Th)1 polarization.
  • Upregulation of CDC42 pathway genes was identified in non-T2 immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • The CDC42 pathway plays a crucial role in Th cell differentiation and function, relevant to obesity-related asthma.
  • Understanding these novel pathways offers opportunities for targeted therapeutic interventions.
  • Further research into genetic and epigenetic mechanisms is warranted to address the burden of childhood obesity-related asthma.

Keywords:
AsthmaChildrenImmune responsesObesity

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