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Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
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Morphological and microstructural brain changes in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a combined voxel-based

Q Wu1, H Hu1, W Chen1

  • 1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd, Gulou District, Nanjing, China.

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
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PubMed
Summary

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients exhibit grey and white matter changes in specific brain regions, impacting vision and cognition. These alterations correlate with visual acuity and disease duration.

Keywords:
CognitionDiffusion tensor imagingThyroid-associated ophthalmopathyVisionVoxel-based morphometry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune condition affecting the orbit.
  • Understanding the central nervous system impact of TAO is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate morphological and microstructural brain changes in TAO patients.
  • To correlate these changes with clinical parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Structural T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI scans were acquired from 25 TAO patients and 25 controls.
  • Voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • TAO patients showed reduced grey matter volume in the right middle frontal gyrus.
  • White matter integrity was compromised in visual processing areas (occipital lobe, cuneus) with decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased diffusivity.
  • FA values positively correlated with visual acuity and negatively with disease duration.

Conclusions:

  • TAO is associated with significant grey and white matter abnormalities in brain regions linked to vision and cognition.
  • These neuroimaging findings enhance our understanding of the neural underpinnings of TAO.