Effects of different multicomponent training methods on functional parameters in physically-active older women

Area of Science:

• Gerontology and Exercise Science
• Functional Fitness and Aging
• Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy

Background:

• Aging is associated with declines in physical functionality.
• Multicomponent training is recommended to mitigate age-related functional loss.
• The comparative efficacy of functional versus traditional multicomponent training requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the effects of functional multicomponent training (MFT) and traditional multicomponent training (MTT) on functional parameters in older women.
• To evaluate improvements in gait ability, balance, and quality of life.

Main Methods:

• Thirty-seven older women were randomized into MFT, MTT, or a control group (CG).
• Interventions involved 12 weeks of training.
• Functional assessments included the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Ten-Minute Fast Walking Test (10FWT), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Ankle Test (AKT), Sit To Stand Modified test (STSM), and quality of life (QOL).

Main Results:

• Both MFT and MTT significantly improved most functional parameters compared to pre-intervention values.
• MFT demonstrated significant improvements across all tested functional parameters, including gait, balance, and quality of life.
• MTT showed significant improvements in most parameters, with notable performance gains in the 10FWT and TUG compared to the CG.

Conclusions:

• Both functional and traditional multicomponent training interventions are effective in enhancing physical function in older women.
• Functional multicomponent training appears to be more effective in improving gait efficiency and related functional abilities.