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Landau-Kleffner Syndrome: A Diagnostic Challenge
Mushtaq Ahmed1, Ayesha Saleem1, Saad Nasir2
1Pediatrics, Civil Hospital Karachi, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.
Cureus
|April 8, 2020
Summary
Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS), a rare neurological disorder, can present with varied symptoms. This case highlights an unusual variant in a child with aggressive behavior and postural difficulties, showing improvement with treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Epileptology
Background:
- Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS), or acquired epileptic aphasia, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by acquired aphasia and epilepsy.
- It typically affects children, presenting with language regression and seizures.
Observation:
- A case of LKS in a 7-year-old boy is presented, exhibiting aggressive behavior, postural instability, and language regression.
- Initial systemic, neurological, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations were normal.
Findings:
- Electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed generalized seizure discharge during sleep, with spikes predominantly in bilateral frontal and temporal regions.
- The diagnosis of LKS was confirmed based on clinical presentation and EEG findings.
Implications:
- Treatment with anticonvulsants and steroids led to significant improvement in postural control, ambulation, and linguistic functions.
- This case expands the understanding of LKS, suggesting a broader spectrum of clinical manifestations and response to therapy.
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