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Training With Lighter Baseballs Increases Velocity Without Increasing the Injury Risk
Brandon J Erickson1, Thomas R Atlee2, Peter N Chalmers3
1Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, New York, New York, USA.
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
|April 8, 2020
Summary
Pitching training with lighter baseballs significantly increased fastball velocity by 4.8 mph in young pitchers. This program improved pitching performance without increasing shoulder or elbow injury risk.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
- Baseball Performance
Background:
- Pitch velocity is a key performance metric for baseball pitchers.
- Weighted ball training increases velocity but carries a higher injury risk.
- Limited research exists on the efficacy and safety of lighter baseballs for velocity training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate if a training program using lighter baseballs can enhance fastball velocity.
- To determine if this training method increases the risk of shoulder or elbow injuries.
- Hypothesized increased velocity and no increased injury risk.
Main Methods:
- A 15-week pitching program for 44 male pitchers (aged 10-17) was conducted.
- Training involved lighter baseballs (3-4 oz) and standard baseballs (5 oz); no weighted balls were used.
- Fastball velocity was measured at four time points; injuries were recorded throughout.
Main Results:
- No shoulder or elbow injuries were reported among participants.
- Mean fastball velocity increased by 4.8 mph (P < .001).
- 98% of pitchers experienced an increase in fastball velocity.
Conclusions:
- A 15-week training program using lighter baseballs effectively increases pitching velocity.
- This method improved performance without elevating injury risk to the shoulder or elbow.
- Lighter baseballs are a viable alternative to weighted balls for velocity enhancement.
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