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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Nanoparticle Technology for Drug Delivery and Immunotherapy
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Nanoparticle mediated cancer immunotherapy.

Jyoti Gupta1, Haaris Ahsan Safdari2, Mehboob Hoque3

  • 1Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.

Seminars in Cancer Biology
|April 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticles (NPs) enhance cancer immunotherapy by overcoming tumor immune evasion and modifying the tumor microenvironment (TME). These NPs improve cancer vaccines and drug delivery, showing great potential for clinical applications.

Keywords:
CD8(+)T cellsCancer immunotherapyCancer vaccineCytokinesDendritic cellImmune checkpointNanoparticleTumor micro environment

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Tumor cells evade the host immune system through a defensive tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • Conventional cancer immunotherapy faces significant challenges due to immune evasion and TME barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review nanoparticle (NP)-based strategies for enhancing cancer immunotherapy.
  • To explore how NPs overcome TME-induced obstacles and improve cancer vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of NP applications in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of NP-mediated drug delivery and TME modulation.
  • Summary of NP roles in immune cell enhancement and immune checkpoint inhibition.

Main Results:

  • NPs improve cancer vaccine efficacy via sustained drug delivery, enhanced antigen presentation, and adjuvant properties.
  • NPs modulate the TME by dissolving inhibitory meshworks and reprogramming immune cells.
  • NPs facilitate improved chemotherapeutic drug penetration and therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle-based strategies show significant promise for enhancing cancer immunotherapy.
  • NPs can effectively overcome TME barriers and improve therapeutic efficacy.
  • Further development of NPs could lead to successful clinical formulations for cancer treatment.