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Cell Diversity

Cell Diversity

The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by Robert Hooke in 1665. Hooke coined the term "cell" based on the resemblance of the small subdivisions in the cork to the rooms that monks inhabited, called cells. About ten years later, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek became the first person to observe the living and moving cells under a microscope. In the century that followed, the theory that cells represented the basic unit of life developed.
Multicellular...

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Updated: Dec 24, 2025

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations

Published on: October 25, 2018

CD4⁺ teff cell heterogeneity: the perspective from single-cell transcriptomics.

David Zemmour¹, Evgeny Kiner¹, Christophe Benoist¹

¹Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Current Opinion in Immunology

|April 8, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals complex CD4+ T cell heterogeneity. Challenges in data analysis obscure clear cell type definitions, highlighting the need for advanced techniques to map T cell diversity.

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Last Updated: Dec 24, 2025

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) offers potential for detailed cell atlases.
Previous classifications of CD4+ T cells are challenged by scRNAseq data complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review scRNAseq studies of CD4+ αβ T cells in various challenged contexts.
To analyze the complexity and representativity of defined CD4+ T cell types and lineages.

Main Methods:

Review of existing scRNAseq studies on CD4+ T cells.
Analysis of high-dimensionality transcriptomic data.
Examination of cell type definitions, marker distributions, and lineage tracing.

Main Results:

scRNAseq data reveals greater complexity and blurred boundaries for CD4+ T cell types than previously defined.
Key defining transcripts like cytokines and chemokines form broad continua.
Tissue location and activation pathways significantly influence T effector (Teff) cell heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

Current scRNAseq analysis presents challenges in defining discrete CD4+ T cell populations.
Emerging techniques in lineage tracing and RNA-protein interactions are crucial for understanding CD4+ T cell heterogeneity.