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Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique.

Roberto D Martínez1, José-Antonio Balmori1, Daniel F Llana2,3

  • 1Timber Structures and Wood Technology Research Group, Universidad de Valladolid, 47014 Valladolid, Spain.

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Summary

A new drilling chips extraction method accurately estimates wood moisture content (MC) and density. This non-destructive technique is vital for assessing timber structures, providing reliable data for structural evaluations.

Keywords:
MC adjustmentdensity estimationdrilling residuenon-destructive testingtimber structures assessmentwood extractor

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Area of Science:

  • Wood Science and Technology
  • Materials Science
  • Non-Destructive Testing

Background:

  • Wood moisture content (MC) significantly impacts non-destructive testing (NDT) results in timber structures.
  • Accurate MC estimation is crucial for adjusting NDT data to a reference MC (typically 12%).
  • Conventional MC estimation methods like electrical resistance and capacitance have limitations, especially for existing structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel, non-destructive method for estimating wood moisture content (MC) using drilling chips extraction.
  • To assess the efficacy of using drilling chip MC as an estimator for specimen MC.
  • To develop models for estimating wood density adjusted to a reference 12% MC.

Main Methods:

  • Collected drilling chips from 99 wood specimens of varying densities and species.
  • Conditioned specimens to five different MC levels (5% to 25%).
  • Utilized the Wood Extractor device for drilling chips extraction and recorded chip mass.

Main Results:

  • Drilling chip MC differs significantly from specimen MC but serves as a reliable estimator (R² 71%–86%).
  • Developed models to estimate density adjusted to 12% MC from wet and dry chip mass with high accuracy (R² 98%).
  • The drilling chips extraction method provides a dependable and straightforward approach for simultaneous MC and density estimation.

Conclusions:

  • The drilling chips extraction technique offers a novel and accurate non-destructive method for wood MC and density assessment.
  • This method is particularly valuable for evaluating existing timber structures where traditional methods are impractical.
  • The developed models enable direct estimation of density adjusted to a reference MC from a single measurement.