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Electrospun composite nanofiber-based transmucosal patch for anti-diabetic drug delivery
1Physics and Engineering of Carbon, Division of Materials Physics and Engineering, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi-110012, India. dhakate@mail.nplindia.org.
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|April 9, 2020
Summary
This study developed a novel electrospun nanofiber patch for oral insulin delivery. The patch successfully delivered active insulin with sustained release, showing promise for anti-diabetic treatments.
Area of Science:
- * Pharmaceutical Sciences
- * Materials Science
- * Nanotechnology
Background:
- * Oral delivery of proteins and peptides like insulin is challenging due to degradation in the gastrointestinal tract.
- * Existing delivery methods often lack sustained release and optimal bioavailability.
- * Transmucosal drug delivery offers an alternative route to bypass first-pass metabolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To develop a biodegradable electrospun composite nanofiber patch for oral anti-diabetic drug delivery.
- * To achieve sustained and controlled release of insulin in its active form.
- * To evaluate the efficacy and mucoadhesive properties of the developed formulation.
Main Methods:
- * Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) composite nanofibers via electrospinning.
- * Active loading of insulin into the nanofibers.
- * Characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
- * In vitro and in vivo studies in male Wistar rats via the sublingual route.
Main Results:
- * Successful entrapment of insulin within the PVA-NaAlg nanofibers was confirmed.
- * The drug-loaded patch exhibited superior mucoadhesive strength due to high water holding capacity.
- * In vitro studies demonstrated sustained and controlled insulin release, following first-order kinetics with an initial burst release.
- * In vivo studies confirmed active insulin delivery and comparable efficacy to commercial formulations.
- * Achieved an encapsulation efficiency of 99% for the experimental formulation.
Conclusions:
- * Biodegradable PVA-NaAlg electrospun composite nanofiber patches are effective carriers for sublingual insulin delivery.
- * The developed formulation provides sustained and controlled release of active insulin.
- * This approach shows significant potential for oral delivery of protein and peptide anti-diabetic drugs.
