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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
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Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
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Vision01:24

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Visual System01:26

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Organic semiconductors for artificial vision.

N Martino1, D Ghezzi, F Benfenati

  • 1Center for Nanoscience and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy. mariarosa.antognazza@iit.it.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|April 9, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organic semiconductors offer unique optoelectronic properties for advanced applications. These materials mimic natural photoreceptors, enabling new organic electronics for image detection and bio-interfaced cell photo-stimulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Organic semiconductors have gained prominence in the last 20 years due to their versatile optoelectronic characteristics.
  • Their properties make them suitable for mimicking natural photoreceptor functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of organic semiconductors in developing advanced technological devices.
  • To leverage their bio-mimicking capabilities for image detection and therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing organic semiconductors to create organic-based devices for image detection.
  • Interfacing organic semiconductor materials with biological tissues for cell photo-stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Development of organic devices with capabilities similar to natural visual systems, such as trichromatic sensing.
  • Successful photo-stimulation of cells, demonstrating potential for restoring light sensitivity in degenerated retinas.

Conclusions:

  • Organic semiconductors are highly promising for creating novel organic electronics and bio-integrated systems.
  • These materials offer significant potential for applications in artificial vision and treating photoreceptor degeneration.