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Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Single Liposome Measurements for the Study of Proton-Pumping Membrane Enzymes Using Electrochemistry and Fluorescent Microscopy
Published on: February 21, 2019
Metastable oxidation states of tetrathiafulvalenes on the surface of liposomes
U Kauscher1, K Bartels, I Schrader
1Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, 48143 Münster, Germany. b.j.ravoo@uni-muenster.de.
Abstract:
Redox-active liposomes are prepared by the incorporation of tetrathiafulvalene-cholesterol conjugate 1 in phospholipid vesicles. The oxidation of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) on the surface of the liposomes in aqueous solution is monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy. It is shown that metastable (TTF+˙)2π-dimers of the mono-oxidized cation radical are formed due to the high local concentration of TTF groups in the lipid membrane. These dimers can be further stabilized by the addition of cucurbit[8]uril or by reduction of the lateral mobility in the membrane by variation of the lipid composition.
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