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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

652
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement01:27

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

138
Body:After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt...
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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform
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NIR light responsive core-shell nanocontainers for drug delivery.

Liru Cui1, Feng Zhang, Qian Wang

  • 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, P. R. China. qufengyu@hrbnu.edu.cn linhuiming@hrbnu.edu.cn.

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|April 9, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new near-infrared (NIR) light-activated drug delivery system uses nanoparticles to precisely release anticancer drugs. This system offers controlled drug release and shows promise for targeted cancer therapy with minimal side effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing targeted drug delivery systems is crucial for effective cancer therapy.
  • Near-infrared (NIR) light offers deep tissue penetration for non-invasive activation.
  • Controlling drug release kinetics is essential for maximizing efficacy and minimizing toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct a novel NIR-triggered anticancer drug delivery system.
  • To investigate the light-triggered drug release mechanism and kinetics.
  • To evaluate the system's performance in vitro using cancer cells.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of core-shell upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated with mesoporous silica (UCNP@mSiO2).
  • Assembly of supramolecular nanovalves using alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and a photolabile stopper.
  • NIR laser irradiation (980 nm) to trigger UV light (360 nm) emission for photocleavage and drug release.
  • In vitro cell experiments using HeLa cancer cells to assess biocompatibility, uptake, and light-sensitive toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Successful construction of a NIR-triggered drug delivery system based on UCNP@mSiO2 nanocomposites.
  • Demonstrated controlled, pulsatile drug release ('Ladder' profiles) regulated by NIR irradiation intensity and duration.
  • Confirmed high pharmacological efficacy with minimal drug leakage without NIR irradiation.
  • Showcased good biocompatibility, efficient cellular uptake, and NIR-light-sensitive cytotoxicity in HeLa cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed NIR-triggered nanocarrier system provides a promising platform for targeted cancer therapy.
  • The light-controlled release mechanism allows for precise drug delivery, enhancing therapeutic outcomes.
  • The system's biocompatibility and specific light-responsiveness indicate significant potential for clinical applications in oncology.