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A chitosan modified nickel oxide platform for biosensing applications.

Pratima R Solanki1, Manoj Kumar Patel, Md Azahar Ali

  • 1Special Centre for Nanosciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India. pratimarsolanki@gmail.com.

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Summary

A new electrochemical sensor using chitosan-modified nickel oxide nanoparticles detects Vibrio cholerae. This highly sensitive sensor offers rapid detection of the bacteria, crucial for public health monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biosensing

Background:

  • Vibrio cholerae (Vc) poses a significant public health threat, necessitating sensitive and rapid detection methods.
  • Electrochemical immunosensors offer a promising platform for pathogen detection due to their high sensitivity and selectivity.
  • Chitosan (CH) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles can enhance the performance of electrochemical sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sandwich immunosensor for the detection of Vibrio cholerae.
  • To utilize chitosan-modified nickel oxide nanoparticles for improved sensor performance.
  • To characterize the fabricated immunosensor and evaluate its detection capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a chitosan-modified nickel oxide nanoparticle-based electrode on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate.
  • Co-immobilization of primary anti-Vibrio cholerae antibodies (Ab-Vc) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto the CH-NiO/ITO surface.
  • Detection of Vibrio cholerae using a sandwich immunoassay format with secondary antibodies conjugated to horse radish peroxidase (HRP) and electrochemical measurements of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reduction.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated immunoelectrode demonstrated a wide detection range for Vibrio cholerae from 20-700 ng mL⁻¹ with a low detection limit of 0.108 ng mL⁻¹.
  • The sensor exhibited high sensitivity (0.644 μA ng mL⁻¹ cm⁻²).
  • The electrochemical response to H2O2 was linear between 10-50 mM with excellent sensitivity (2.95 mA mM⁻¹ cm⁻²), confirming the immunosensor's functionality.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electrochemical sandwich immunosensor based on CH-NiO nanoparticles is highly sensitive and selective for Vibrio cholerae detection.
  • This sensor platform shows great potential for rapid and reliable detection of V. cholerae in various samples.
  • The integration of nanomaterials and antibody engineering provides an effective strategy for enhancing biosensor performance.