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Electrospun multicomponent and multifunctional nanofibrous bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

Chong Wang1, Min Wang

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. memwang@hku.hk.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|April 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel electrospun scaffolds incorporating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) with calcium phosphates (Ca-P) promote bone regeneration by enhancing vascularization and osteogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Electrospinning is a key technique for creating tissue engineering scaffolds.
  • Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) induces osteogenic differentiation, while calcium phosphates (Ca-P) are osteoconductive.
  • Scaffold vascularization is crucial for effective bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel tricomponent nanofibrous scaffolds for enhanced bone regeneration.
  • To incorporate recombinant human vein endothelial growth factor (rhVEGF), recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2), and Ca-P nanoparticles.
  • To achieve balanced angiogenic properties, osteoinductivity, and osteoconductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of tricomponent nanofibrous scaffolds via electrospinning.
  • Characterization of scaffold morphology, structure, wettability, and chemical composition.
  • In vitro assessment of growth factor release kinetics, cell viability, proliferation, migration, tube formation (HUVECs), and osteogenic differentiation (C3H10T1/2 cells).

Main Results:

  • Scaffolds exhibited extracellular matrix-like microstructures.
  • Tunable simultaneous or sequential release of rhVEGF and rhBMP-2 was achieved by altering polymer matrices.
  • High cell viability was observed for both HUVECs and C3H10T1/2 cells.
  • Scaffolds significantly promoted HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation.
  • Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells was evidenced by increased alkaline phosphatase expression, calcium deposition, and osteogenic gene markers.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tricomponent scaffolds offer a promising approach for bone tissue regeneration.
  • The combination of rhVEGF, rhBMP-2, and Ca-P nanoparticles in electrospun scaffolds synergistically enhances both vascularization and osteogenesis.
  • These scaffolds provide a biomimetic microenvironment conducive to bone repair.