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Related Concept Videos

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
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The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular...
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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
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Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

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[Amputations around the knee].

Igor Lazic1, Carolin Knebel2, Sarah Consalvo2

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Sportorthopädie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland. Igor.Lazic@mri.tum.de.

Der Orthopade
|April 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Knee joint amputations significantly alter patient lives, requiring a multidisciplinary approach for optimal outcomes. Below-knee amputations generally yield better functional results than above-knee procedures.

Keywords:
ContracturesPhantom painProsthetic legSarcomaTotal knee arthroplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedics
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Amputation around, through, or below the knee joint represents a major life change.
  • Common indications include musculoskeletal tumors and failed total knee arthroplasty.
  • A multidisciplinary team and patient-specific treatment are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach in knee-level amputations.
  • To discuss prosthetic fitting timelines and potential complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in orthopaedic amputations.
  • Emphasis on multidisciplinary team involvement and surgical technique.
  • Discussion of postoperative stump conditioning and prosthetic fitting.

Main Results:

  • Prosthetic fitting is feasible for most amputation levels.
  • Functional outcomes are typically superior for below-knee amputations compared to above-knee.
  • Early prosthetic fitting before 4-6 months postoperatively can be detrimental.

Conclusions:

  • Meticulous surgical technique and a multidisciplinary team are vital for successful knee-level amputations.
  • Postoperative stump conditioning is paramount for optimal prosthetic use.
  • Common complications like wound healing issues and phantom limb pain require careful management.