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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Hyaluronan in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Fiorella Mercedes Spinelli1, Daiana Lujan Vitale1, Ina Sevic1

  • 1Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional de la Pcia. de Bs. As. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. (CIT NOBA, UNNOBA-CONICET), Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hyaluronan (HA), a key extracellular matrix component, is dysregulated in tumors. Targeting HA metabolism shows promise for novel cancer therapies by inhibiting tumor growth and resistance.

Keywords:
CD44Cancer Stem CellsCancer therapyDNA damageDrug ResistanceExtracellular MatrixHyaluronanHyaluronan SynthasesHyaluronan metabolismHyaluronidasesImmune responseStemnessTumor microenvironmentTumor-Associated MacrophagesUGDH

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Extracellular Matrix Biology

Background:

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) significantly influences tissue properties and cellular functions.
  • Hyaluronan (HA), a major glycosaminoglycan in the ECM, dictates the physical and biochemical traits of healthy tissues.
  • HA metabolism is tightly controlled in normal physiology but becomes dysregulated in the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore novel functions of hyaluronan within the tumor microenvironment.
  • To discuss the clinical potential of targeting hyaluronan metabolism in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hyaluronan's role in cancer.
  • Analysis of data concerning hyaluronan expression, size, and protein interactions in tumors.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulated HA expression, size, and protein interactions in tumors.
  • Tumor-associated HA promotes cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and immune evasion.
  • HA contributes to cancer stemness and drug resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Hyaluronan plays a multifaceted role in promoting tumor progression.
  • Targeting HA metabolism presents a viable strategy for developing new cancer therapies.