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[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; a full-bodied epidemic]
M E Tushuizen1,2, A G Holleboom3, B G P Koot4
1LUMC, afd. Maag-, Darm- en Leverziekten, Leiden.
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|April 9, 2020
Summary
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition characterized by fat accumulation in the liver. Lifestyle changes for weight reduction remain the primary treatment approach for NAFLD.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Gastroenterology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease.
- NAFLD spectrum ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Pathogenesis involves genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, and environmental factors including obesity, insulin resistance, and gut microbiome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- To outline the spectrum of NAFLD.
- To discuss the risk factors and complications of NAFLD.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on imaging or histopathological examination.
- Exclusion of secondary causes like excessive alcohol consumption or specific medications is crucial.
- Assessment of associated risk factors and potential complications.
Main Results:
- NAFLD encompasses a range of conditions from simple fatty liver to advanced liver disease.
- Associated conditions include type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
- No specific medications are currently approved for NAFLD treatment.
Conclusions:
- NAFLD is a significant health concern with a complex etiology.
- Patients with NAFLD face increased risks for serious comorbidities.
- Lifestyle modification focusing on weight reduction is the current cornerstone of NAFLD management.
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