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Does comorbidity increase the risk of patients with COVID-19: evidence from meta-analysis

Bolin Wang1, Ruobao Li2, Zhong Lu3

  • 1Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, China.

Aging
|April 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The study found that hypertension, diabetes, COPD, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease significantly increase the risk for patients with COVID-19. However, liver disease, malignancy, and renal disease were not associated with increased COVID-19 risk.

Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The rapid increase in COVID-19 cases highlighted the need to understand risk factors.
  • The relationship between comorbidities and COVID-19 patient outcomes was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if common comorbidities elevate the risk for patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To identify specific comorbidities associated with increased COVID-19 risk.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted using data from 6 studies, encompassing 1558 COVID-19 patients.
  • Literature search performed on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase up to March 1, 2020.
  • Statistical analysis performed using Stata12.0 software.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension (OR: 2.29), diabetes (OR: 2.47), COPD (OR: 5.97), cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.93), and cerebrovascular disease (OR: 3.89) were identified as independent risk factors.
  • No significant correlation was found between COVID-19 risk and liver disease, malignancy, or renal disease.
  • P-values for significant risk factors were P<0.001 for hypertension, diabetes, COPD, and cardiovascular disease, and P=0.002 for cerebrovascular disease.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension, diabetes, COPD, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease are significant risk factors for COVID-19 patients.
  • Identifying these comorbidities aids clinicians in early and appropriate medical management of COVID-19.
  • Further research may explore the mechanisms behind these associations.

Keywords:
COVID-19comorbiditymeta-analysisrisk

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