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Related Concept Videos

Reproductive Cloning01:27

Reproductive Cloning

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Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic...
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The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Cryosectioning of Contiguous Regions of a Single Mouse Skeletal Muscle for Gene Expression and Histological Analyses
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Dog cloning from post-mortem tissue frozen without cryoprotectant.

Yeonik Jeong1, Olof P Olson2, Cai Lian2

  • 1Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, 64 Kyunginro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08359, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.

Cryobiology
|April 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Cloned puppies were successfully produced from cells of frozen canine carcasses, demonstrating the feasibility of post-mortem cloning. While cloning efficiency is reduced, this method offers a new avenue for canine reproduction.

Keywords:
Dog cloningFrozen tissue

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Animal cloning
  • Cryopreservation

Background:

  • Successful reproductive cloning requires intact donor nuclei from living donors.
  • Freezing deceased animals causes cellular damage, hindering cloning efforts.
  • Intracellular ice crystal formation during freezing damages organelles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of producing viable cloned puppies from frozen canine carcasses.
  • To assess the impact of post-mortem freezing on donor cell viability and cloning efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Established skin fibroblast cell lines from five frozen canine carcasses.
  • Compared cell growth rates and viability (SA-βgal staining) between fresh and frozen tissues.
  • Performed somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) using frozen-derived cells and assessed cloning efficiency (CE) and pregnancy rates (PR).

Main Results:

  • Successfully established cell lines from four of five frozen canine specimens.
  • Frozen cells required longer culture times and showed higher death cell rates compared to fresh cells.
  • Cloning efficiency (0.6%) and pregnancy rates (7.7%) were lower using frozen cells versus fresh donors (CE 2.4%, PR 21.7%).

Conclusions:

  • Healthy cloned puppies can be produced from cell lines derived from frozen canine carcasses.
  • Post-mortem cloning is a viable option, despite reduced efficiency compared to using fresh or living donors.
  • This research expands possibilities for canine reproduction using cryopreserved genetic material.