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Do We Need Rights in Bioethics Discourse?

Julius Sim1

  • 1Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.

The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy
|April 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Moral rights are not essential in bioethics debates, as duties can fulfill their logical functions. Analyzing moral conflicts through duties proves more practical and less rhetorical than relying on rights.

Keywords:
bioethicsconsequentialismdutiesrights

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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Moral Philosophy

Background:

  • Moral rights are frequently used in bioethics discussions.
  • The conceptual and normative roles of rights and duties require examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically assess the necessity and utility of moral rights in bioethics.
  • To compare the analytical power of rights-based versus duty-based ethical frameworks.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of moral rights and duties.
  • Examination of their logical and normative interdependence.
  • Evaluation of their practical application in bioethical decision-making.

Main Results:

  • Duties can logically perform the functions of rights, but not vice versa.
  • Both rights and duties are dependent on more fundamental moral principles.
  • Duty-based analysis is more fruitful in practical bioethical scenarios than rights-based analysis.
  • Rights may serve as convenient proxies or expressive tools but lack inherent conceptual enrichment.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of moral rights is inessential in bioethics.
  • A duty-based approach offers a more robust framework for ethical analysis and argument.
  • Over-reliance on rights without grounding in fundamental values can lead to rhetoric over reasoned argument.