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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

16.6K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
16.6K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
17.2K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.3K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.1K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

47.5K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
47.5K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

11.2K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
11.2K

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Scalable Nanohelices for Predictive Studies and Enhanced 3D Visualization
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Two-Dimensional Superstructures of Silica Cages.

Tangi Aubert1,2, Kai Ma1, Kwan W Tan1

  • 1Department of Materials Science Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|April 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method to synthesize ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) mesoporous silica films. This breakthrough enables the creation of novel silica nanostructures with potential applications in catalysis and separation technologies.

Keywords:
2D materialsFrank-Kasper phasesdual structuresordered mesoporous materialsultrathin membranes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Mesoporous silica materials have been extensively studied since the early 1990s.
  • The synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) silica nanostructures presents significant challenges.
  • Existing methods often struggle to achieve controlled nanoscale architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel synthesis route for 2D mesoporous silica nanostructures.
  • To investigate the formation of 2D superstructures of silica cages.
  • To explore the tunability of these structures through controlled synthesis conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of mesoporous silica at the interface of two immiscible solvents.
  • Utilizing controlled pH to influence orientational correlations.
  • Employing oil swelling and mixed surfactants to modify micelle size dispersity.

Main Results:

  • Formation of the thinnest mesoporous silica films to date.
  • Observation of increasing orientational correlations with increasing layer number.
  • Development of complex clathrate-type structures in multilayer superstructures.
  • Emergence of three-dimensional (3D) crystallographic registry in cage-like superstructures.

Conclusions:

  • A novel interfacial synthesis method yields unprecedented 2D mesoporous silica films.
  • Structural complexity and order can be precisely controlled via synthesis parameters.
  • The developed method allows for macroscopic fabrication and stacking of 2D silica superstructures.
  • This opens avenues for creating advanced mesoporous silica heterostructures with unique properties.