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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

Spatial coding for memory-guided reaching in visual and pictorial spaces.

Harun Karimpur^1,1, Siavash Eftekharifar¹, Nikolaus F Troje^1,1

¹,.

Journal of Vision

|April 10, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The brain uses allocentric coding for both real-world visual space and pictorial representations. Contrary to expectations, allocentric cues were more influential in visual space than in pictorial space.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Spatial Navigation

Background:

Real-world visual space provides egocentric (observer-based) and allocentric (environment-based) spatial information.
Pictorial space, like images on screens, typically lacks a defined observer location, potentially favoring allocentric coding.
Previous research primarily used pictorial stimuli, leaving ambiguity about spatial coding in real visual space.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate allocentric coding in both visual space and pictorial space within a virtual reality environment.
To compare the reliability and influence of allocentric cues across these two spatial representations.
To determine if the brain employs similar spatial coding mechanisms for real and depicted environments.

Main Methods:

A memory-guided reaching task was implemented in a virtual reality (VR) setting.
Allocentric coding was examined in both VR visual space (objects on a virtual table) and VR pictorial space (objects on a virtual monitor).
Control measures addressed retinal stimulus size, confounding allocentric cues, and presentation depth differences.

Main Results:

The brain consistently utilizes allocentric information for object representation in both visual and pictorial spaces.
Allocentric cue influence was found to be stronger in visual space compared to pictorial space.
This finding held true even after controlling for potential confounding factors.

Conclusions:

The brain's reliance on allocentric coding extends to both real-world visual experiences and pictorial representations.
Visual space may engage stronger allocentric processing than pictorial space, challenging initial hypotheses.
Further research is needed to understand the underlying neural mechanisms driving this difference in spatial coding strength.