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Silent sinus syndrome in children.

Monika E Freiser1, Jennifer McCoy2, Amber D Shaffer2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|April 10, 2020
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Summary

Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) in children often presents with maxillary sinus hypoplasia and orbital changes. Headaches are common, and while observation is frequent, early intervention may prevent long-term complications.

Keywords:
Maxillary atelectasisPediatricSilent sinus syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) involves maxillary sinus atelectasis causing enophthalmos and hypoglobus.
  • Literature on SSS in pediatric populations is scarce.
  • This study aims to characterize SSS in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize Silent Sinus Syndrome (SSS) in pediatric patients.
  • To compare presentation and outcomes between surgical and observational management.
  • To identify common symptoms and clinical features of SSS in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric patients (ages 1-18) diagnosed with maxillary sinus hypoplasia or SSS.
  • Utilized a health system-wide imaging database (2003-2017) for case identification via CT scan reports.
  • Collected data on clinical presentation, eye symptoms, surgical treatment, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Identified 83 children with maxillary sinus hypoplasia; 57 exhibited SSS characteristics (hypoglobus/enophthalmos).
  • Headache was the most frequent presenting symptom (55%).
  • No significant differences in presentation between surgical and observational groups; 19 patients underwent surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) can occur in children, often associated with maxillary sinus hypoplasia and orbital changes.
  • Headaches are a common symptom in pediatric SSS.
  • Close follow-up and potential early intervention are recommended to prevent long-term orbital complications.