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Related Concept Videos

Three-Winding Transformers01:19

Three-Winding Transformers

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Three identical single-phase transformers can be configured to form a three-phase transformer connection, which involves high-voltage and low-voltage windings. The high-voltage windings are denoted by capital letters A-B-C, while the low-voltage windings are labeled with lowercase letters a-b-c, representing their respective phases. This notation helps distinguish between the high and low voltage sides of the transformer.
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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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Instrument Transformers01:23

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Instrument transformers, comprising voltage transformers (VTs) and current transformers (CTs), play crucial roles in power substations by providing isolated replicas of current or voltage for measurement and protection purposes. Voltage transformers reduce the primary voltage to levels suitable for relay operation and measurement, while current transformers scale down the primary current. The primary winding of a current transformer often consists of a single turn, achieved by threading the...
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A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single  conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of  multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
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Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
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Transformer Winding Deformation Detection Based on BOTDR and ROTDR.

Shugao Guo1, Yunpeng Liu2,3, Huan Li2,3

  • 1State Grid Hebei Electric Power Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050021, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A novel transformer winding modification uses distributed optical fibers for accurate temperature and deformation monitoring. This method achieves precise strain and temperature measurements, enhancing transformer safety and performance.

Keywords:
Brillouin scatteringRaman scatteringdistributed fiber sensingtransformerwinding deformation

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Transformer winding temperature and deformation are critical parameters for operational safety and efficiency.
  • Existing monitoring methods often lack distributed sensing capabilities or sufficient accuracy.
  • The need for real-time, precise measurement of winding conditions is paramount in power systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a transformer winding modification scheme for distributed temperature and deformation measurement.
  • To integrate optical fibers for enhanced sensing capabilities within transformer windings.
  • To achieve accurate, localized detection of winding strain and temperature variations.

Main Methods:

  • A modified transformer winding incorporating both single-mode and multi-mode optical fibers was developed.
  • Brillouin optical time domain reflection (BOTDR) and Raman optical time domain reflection (ROTDR) techniques were employed for sensing.
  • Simulations and experimental tests (deformation and temperature rise) were conducted to verify the scheme's efficacy.

Main Results:

  • The scheme successfully enabled distributed detection and localization of transformer winding deformation.
  • Accurate measurement of winding temperature was achieved with an accuracy of ±0.5 °C.
  • Strain measurement accuracy reached 200 με with a spatial resolution of up to 5 meters, precisely locating deformation within 2 turns.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed optical fiber-based scheme provides a robust solution for distributed monitoring of transformer winding conditions.
  • The system demonstrates high accuracy in both temperature and strain measurements, crucial for predictive maintenance.
  • This technology enhances transformer reliability by enabling early detection of potential faults and operational anomalies.