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Brainstem electric response audiometry in preterm infants.

G A van Zanten1, M P Brocaar, W P Fetter

  • 1Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus University/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Scandinavian Audiology. Supplementum
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
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Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing in preterm infants revealed hearing sensitivity loss in many. Follow-up showed persistent conductive and cochlear hearing impairments, highlighting the need for early detection.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Preterm infants are at increased risk for hearing impairments.
  • Early identification of hearing loss is crucial for developmental outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess hearing sensitivity in preterm infants using Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR).
  • To categorize the type and severity of hearing loss.
  • To evaluate the persistence of hearing loss at corrected age.

Main Methods:

  • 108 preterm infants underwent Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing.
  • Ears were classified by sensitivity: normal, probable mild loss, or moderate-to-severe loss.
  • Follow-up ABR was conducted at 3 months corrected age for a subset of infants.

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Main Results:

  • No deaf infants were identified; all showed ABR peaks.
  • 61 infants had normal bilateral sensitivity.
  • 43 infants presented with some degree of hearing loss (22 mild, 21 moderate-to-severe), with 31 conductive and 12 cochlear types.
  • At follow-up, half of conductive losses resolved, while moderate-to-severe losses, particularly cochlear types, were often confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) is effective in identifying hearing sensitivity issues in preterm infants.
  • Conductive and cochlear hearing losses can persist or worsen in preterm infants.
  • Regular audiological monitoring is essential for preterm infants to track hearing development.