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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...

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Author Spotlight: Development of an Enhanced Protocol for Rapid and Accurate Isolation of Campylobacter from Food Products

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Decrease in fluoroquinolone use in French poultry and pig production and changes in resistance among E. coli and

Agnès Perrin-Guyomard¹, Eric Jouy², Delphine Urban³

¹ANSES, Fougères Laboratory, France.

Veterinary Microbiology

|April 11, 2020

Summary

The French EcoAntibio plan significantly reduced antimicrobial use in poultry and pigs. However, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to fluoroquinolones showed mixed results in bacteria, with some increasing despite reduced exposure.

Keywords:

Evolution Fluoroquinolone Pig Poultry Resistance Use

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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Microbiology
Public Health Policy

Background:

Antimicrobial use in food-producing animals is a significant driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
The French EcoAntibio plan aimed to decrease antimicrobial consumption in animal farming.
Understanding the impact of such policies on AMR is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effect of the French EcoAntibio plan on antimicrobial resistance in poultry and pig bacteria.
To analyze trends in fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and E. coli from 2010 to 2018.

Main Methods:

Analysis of veterinary antimicrobial sales data from 2011-2018.
Assessment of AMR data from bacteria (Campylobacter jejuni, E. coli) isolated from slaughterhouses and diseased animals.
Calculation of resistance percentages using epidemiological cut-off values.

Main Results:

Fluoroquinolone exposure decreased by 71.5% in poultry and 89.7% in pigs.
Ciprofloxacin resistance increased in Campylobacter jejuni from broilers and turkeys.
E. coli resistance to ciprofloxacin showed varied trends: increased in broilers, decreased in turkeys, and increased in pigs.
Fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli from diseased animals significantly decreased across poultry and pigs.

Conclusions:

The reduction in fluoroquinolone use had contrasting effects on AMR in different bacterial populations and sample types.
Factors such as co-selection and bacterial strain fitness may influence AMR trends independently of direct antimicrobial use.
Policy interventions require careful monitoring of AMR to understand complex ecological dynamics.