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Potential Protective and Therapeutic Roles of the Nrf2 Pathway in Ocular Diseases: An Update
Ming-Xuan Wang1, Jing Zhao1, Hong Zhang2
1Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Abstract:
Nuclear factor- (erythroid-derived 2-) like 2 (Nrf2) is a regulator of many processes of life, and it plays an important role in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic responses and in cancer. This review is focused on the potential mechanism of Nrf2 in the occurrence and development of ocular diseases. Also, several Nrf2 inducers, including noncoding RNAs and exogenous compounds, which control the expression of Nrf2 through different pathways, are discussed in ocular disease models and ocular cells, protecting them from dysfunctional changes. Therefore, Nrf2 might be a potential target of protecting ocular cells from various stresses and preventing ocular diseases.
Insights
Nuclear factor- (erythroid-derived 2-) like 2 (Nrf2) regulates key cellular processes. Targeting Nrf2 may offer a novel strategy for preventing and treating various ocular diseases by protecting eye cells from stress.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Nuclear factor- (erythroid-derived 2-) like 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial transcription factor.
- Nrf2 governs antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic cellular responses.
- Its role in cancer development is also recognized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential mechanisms of Nrf2 in ocular disease pathogenesis.
- To explore Nrf2 inducers and their protective effects in ocular models.
- To evaluate Nrf2 as a therapeutic target for eye diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on Nrf2 pathways in ocular diseases.
- Analysis of studies involving Nrf2 inducers (noncoding RNAs, exogenous compounds).
- Examination of Nrf2's role in ocular disease models and cell cultures.
Main Results:
- Nrf2 plays a significant role in the development of various ocular conditions.
- Nrf2 inducers demonstrate protective effects against cellular dysfunction in ocular tissues.
- Modulation of Nrf2 pathways impacts ocular disease progression.
Conclusions:
- Nrf2 is implicated in the mechanisms underlying ocular disease.
- Nrf2 inducers offer a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in ophthalmology.
- Targeting Nrf2 presents a potential strategy for protecting ocular cells and preventing eye diseases.
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