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Antibody responses in human gnathostomiasis.

C Nopparatana¹, P Tapchaisri, P Setasubun

¹Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health

|June 1, 1988

Summary

Researchers identified specific antibody responses in gnathostomiasis patients against Gnathostoma spinigerum larvae extract. These findings suggest a potential for accurate immunodiagnosis of human gnathostomiasis.

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Area of Science:

Medical Parasitology
Immunology
Biochemistry

Background:

Gnathostomiasis is a food-borne parasitic disease caused by Gnathostoma species.
Accurate immunodiagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and control of human gnathostomiasis.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the antibody response in patients with gnathostomiasis against antigens from Gnathostoma spinigerum larvae.
To evaluate the potential of these antigens for immunodiagnostic applications.

Main Methods:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot analysis were employed.
Radioiodinated protein A was used to detect antibody reactivities.
Crude aqueous somatic extract of advanced third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma spinigerum (L3G) was used as the antigen source.

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Main Results:

The L3G extract contained over 40 polypeptides, with more than 20 being antigenic in humans.
Major antigenic bands were identified at various molecular weights, including 150, 135, 120, 94, 84, 82, 72, 55, 54, 49, 43, 38, 35, 32, and 28 kDa.
Sera from gnathostomiasis patients showed strong and similar reactivity patterns, while sera from healthy individuals exhibited significantly lower reactivity, particularly against the 38 kDa antigen.

Conclusions:

The study demonstrates a specific serum antibody response against Gnathostoma spinigerum L3G antigens in patients with gnathostomiasis.
These findings indicate the potential utility of specific L3G antigens for the immunodiagnosis of human gnathostomiasis.