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Use of Ultra-high Field MRI in Small Rodent Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease for In Vivo Phenotyping and Drug Monitoring
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Use of Ultra-high Field MRI in Small Rodent Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease for In Vivo Phenotyping and Drug Monitoring

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Polycystins, ADPKD, and Cardiovascular Disease

Ivana Y Kuo1, Arlene B Chapman2

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA.

Kidney International Reports
|April 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). This review explores how polycystin protein dysfunction in the cardiovascular system drives ADPKD

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by kidney cyst formation.
  • Cardiovascular complications are the primary cause of mortality in ADPKD patients.
  • Extrarenal manifestations, including cardiovascular dysfunction, are significant concerns in ADPKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent clinical and basic science research on cardiovascular dysfunction in ADPKD.
  • To elucidate the role of polycystin proteins in the cardiovascular manifestations of ADPKD.
  • To understand the mechanisms linking polycystin dysfunction to heart disease in ADPKD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical studies.
  • Analysis of basic science research on polycystin protein function.
  • Synthesis of data on cardiovascular outcomes in ADPKD.

Main Results:

  • Polycystin protein dysfunction contributes significantly to cardiovascular abnormalities in ADPKD.
  • Specific cardiovascular pathologies in ADPKD include hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and aortic aneurysms.
  • Mechanisms involve altered ion channel function, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular dysfunction is a critical, yet often underappreciated, aspect of ADPKD.
  • Targeting polycystin protein pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for ADPKD-related cardiovascular disease.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and manage cardiovascular risks in ADPKD.

Keywords:
calcium signalingcardiovascular dysfunctionheart failurepolycystic kidney disease

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