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Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Gas Evolution in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Solid versus Liquid Electrolyte.

Florian Strauss1, Jun Hao Teo1, Alexander Schiele1

  • 1Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gas evolution is a problem in both liquid and solid-state lithium-ion batteries. This study highlights the release of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and potentially sulfur dioxide from solid electrolytes.

Keywords:
all-solid-state batterygas evolutioninterfacial chemistrylithium thiophosphate solid electrolytelithium-ion batteryorganic carbonate liquid electrolyte

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Gas evolution in Ni-rich layered oxide cathode lithium-ion batteries causes performance decay and safety issues.
  • Recent studies indicate gas evolution also occurs in bulk-type solid-state batteries.
  • Understanding electrolyte influence on gassing is crucial for battery development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare gas evolution in lithium-ion batteries with NCM622 cathodes using solid (β-Li3PS4, Li6PS5Cl) versus liquid (LP57) electrolytes.
  • To identify the types and amounts of gases evolved in different battery systems.
  • To assess the impact of electrolyte choice on gas formation and release.

Main Methods:

  • Isotopic labeling to trace gas origins.
  • Acid titration to quantify acidic gas components.
  • In situ gas analysis to monitor gas evolution during battery operation.

Main Results:

  • Oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) evolution were observed in both liquid and solid-state systems.
  • Different cumulative amounts of O2 and CO2 were detected depending on the electrolyte type.
  • Potential sulfur dioxide (SO2) evolution was identified in cells utilizing lithium thiophosphate-based solid electrolytes.

Conclusions:

  • Gas evolution is a significant consideration for both conventional and solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
  • Solid-state batteries with lithium thiophosphate electrolytes may evolve corrosive SO2 due to side reactions.
  • Further research is needed to mitigate gas evolution and ensure the safety and longevity of solid-state batteries.