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Auditory Brainstem Evoked Response Patterns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Somia Tawfik Mohammed1, Rania Ali El-Farrash2, Hesham Mohammed Taha1

  • 1Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

American Journal of Perinatology
|April 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants show delayed auditory brainstem pathway maturation. This auditory development improves by 3 months, influenced by gestational age, aiding accurate hearing assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Neonatal Neuroscience
  • Auditory Evoked Potentials

Background:

  • Delayed maturation of the auditory brainstem pathway in NICU neonates can lead to misdiagnosis.
  • This may result in the inappropriate use of hearing amplification devices.
  • Accurate hearing assessment is crucial for high-risk infant populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the pattern of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in NICU neonates.
  • To facilitate proper hearing assessment in this high-risk population.
  • To identify factors influencing auditory maturation in NICU infants.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 1,469 NICU infants screened with automated ABR (AABR).
  • Diagnostic ABR performed on 60 infants who failed AABR screening.
  • A control group of 60 well-baby nursery neonates was included.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in ABR latencies and amplitudes were observed between NICU neonates and controls (p < 0.05).
  • ABR measurements significantly improved by 3 months of age in both groups (p < 0.001), except for wave I absolute latency.
  • Gestational age significantly correlated with ABR readings in NICU neonates (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • NICU neonates exhibit delayed auditory brainstem pathway maturation.
  • Gestational age significantly impacts auditory maturation in these infants.
  • Auditory maturation progresses by 3 months of age in both NICU and control groups.