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Welding Fumes, a Risk Factor for Lung Diseases
Maria Grazia Riccelli1, Matteo Goldoni1,2, Diana Poli3
1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, via A. Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Summary
Welding fumes (WFs) pose respiratory risks due to fine particles. Exposure can cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, highlighting the need for further research into welding-related lung diseases.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Environmental Toxicology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Welding fumes (WFs) contain fine and ultrafine particles.
- These particles can reach deep into the lungs.
- WFs are a known risk factor for respiratory diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To understand the pathogenesis of welding fumes.
- To examine respiratory diseases in welders.
- To review existing literature on welding fume exposure and health effects.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, NIOSHTIC, and Web of Science.
- Inclusion of in vitro, in vivo, epidemiological studies, reviews, and meta-analyses.
- Focus on studies examining respiratory diseases in welders.
Main Results:
- Lung injury is influenced by WF dose, exposure time, and composition.
- Observed effects include inflammation, suppressed lung defense, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and genotoxicity.
- Both mild and stainless steel WFs induced adverse effects.
Conclusions:
- Detecting lung diseases linked to occupational exposure is vital.
- Complete avoidance of welding fume exposure is challenging.
- Further particle research is needed to understand mechanisms of welding-related lung and cardiovascular diseases.
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