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[Kanamycin-induced ototoxicity during treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis]

V Poka-Mayap1, D Balkissou Adamou2, E W Pefura-Yone3

  • 1Service de pneumologie, hôpital Jamot de Yaoundé, BP 4021, Yaoundé, Cameroun.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|April 13, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Kanamycin treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has a high incidence of ototoxicity, causing irreversible hearing loss. Age over 40 and low BMI are key risk factors for this adverse effect.

Area of Science:

  • Ototoxicology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Aminoglycosides are crucial for treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).
  • Kanamycin, an aminoglycoside, can cause ototoxicity, leading to irreversible hearing loss.
  • Understanding the incidence and risk factors of kanamycin-induced ototoxicity in MDR-TB patients is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of kanamycin-induced ototoxicity in MDR-TB patients in Yaounde.
  • To identify factors associated with kanamycin-induced ototoxicity during MDR-TB treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 79 patients treated for MDR-TB with kanamycin at Jamot Hospital of Yaounde (May 2008-July 2015).
  • Logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with ototoxicity.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of kanamycin-induced ototoxicity was 36.7%.
  • Factors independently associated with ototoxicity included age > 40 years (OR 13.47) and BMI < 18.5 kg/m² (OR 4.58).
  • 18 (22.8%) patients had HIV infection.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of kanamycin-induced ototoxicity during MDR-TB treatment is notably high.
  • Identifying patients at risk (older age, low BMI) can help mitigate irreversible hearing impairment.
  • Proactive management is essential to reduce treatment-induced functional impairment in MDR-TB patients.
Keywords:
AminoglycosidesAminosidesCameroonCamerounKanamycinKanamycineMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisOtotoxicityOtotoxicitéTuberculose multirésistante

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