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Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts

Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts

Published on: December 22, 2015

Optimizing autologous bone contribution to implant osseointegration.

Benjamin R Coyac¹, Qiang Sun^1,2, Brian Leahy¹

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Journal of Periodontology

|April 13, 2020

Summary

A new bone-cutting instrument yields more osteogenic autologous bone chips than conventional drills. Wnt signaling (WNT) therapy further enhances bone chip osteogenesis and peri-implant bone area around dental implants.

Keywords:

autograft grafting, bone osteogenesis osteotomy regeneration wnt proteins

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Published on: March 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials Science
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

Autologous bone chips are used in bone regeneration but their osteogenic potential varies with collection method.
Conventional drills and bone scrapers are common tools for harvesting bone, but may damage osteoprogenitor cells.
A novel slow-speed instrument for bone chip generation was developed to potentially improve osteogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the osteogenic capacity of autologous bone chips generated by a new instrument versus conventional methods.
To investigate if Wnt signaling (WNT) therapy can enhance the osteogenic potential of these bone chips.
To evaluate the effect of WNT therapy on peri-implant bone regeneration in an immediate post-extraction implant model.

Main Methods:

Osteotomies were created in rat maxillary molar extraction sockets using a conventional drill or a new osseo-shaping instrument.
Titanium alloy implants were placed immediately after osteotomy preparation.
Bone chips were analyzed for cell viability and osteogenic potential using molecular, cellular, and histological methods; some were treated with a WNT therapeutic.

Main Results:

Bone chips from the new instrument exhibited preserved osteoprogenitor cell viability, unlike those from conventional drills which showed significant apoptosis.
Exogenous WNT therapeutic treatment increased the rate of osteogenesis around immediate post-extraction implants.
Sites treated with liposomal WNT3A (L-WNT3A) showed a significantly greater area of peri-implant bone compared to placebo controls.

Conclusions:

The new bone-cutting instrument produces more viable and osteogenic autologous bone chips compared to conventional drills.
Wnt signaling (WNT) therapy significantly enhances the osteogenic capacity of bone chips and promotes peri-implant bone regeneration.
This approach holds promise for improving outcomes in dental implant procedures requiring bone augmentation.