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Updated: Dec 24, 2025
Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Published on: July 5, 2011
Effect of the critical shoulder angle on severe cranialization following total shoulder arthroplasty
Matthias Wolf1, Matthias Bülhoff1, Patric Raiss2
1Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
Purpose:
This study assesses the relationship of CSA, cranialization and radiographic glenoid loosening following TSA in the long-term follow-up.
Methods:
26 shoulders with TSA were examined radiographically postoperatively and after a mean 12.6 years. Severe cranialization was defined as direct humeral contact with the acromion and/or acetabularization of the acromion.
Results:
A CSA ≥35° was associated with severe cranialization. Glenoid loosening was present in 6/24 shoulders (25%). Severe cranialization was associated with glenoid loosening (p = 0.003).
Conclusion:
A postoperative CSA ≥ 35° was associated with severe humeral cranialization after TSA in the long-term follow-up. Severe cranialization correlated with glenoid loosening.Level of evidence IV - retrospective cohort study.
