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Work-related injuries in minors.

S E Schober1, J L Handke, W E Halperin

  • 1Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45206.

American Journal of Industrial Medicine
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Federal child labor laws aim to protect minors from hazardous jobs. However, data show significant occupational injuries among young workers, indicating current protections are insufficient and new strategies are needed.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health Policy
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • Federal child labor laws, enacted in 1938, aim to safeguard individuals under 18 from hazardous employment.
  • Despite these laws, occupational injuries among minors remain a concern, necessitating an evaluation of current protection effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the current status and prevalence of occupational injuries and illnesses among minors under 18.
  • To identify specific injury types, affected age groups, and common causes of harm in young workers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of workers' compensation claims data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Supplementary Data System (1980-1983).
  • Inclusion of claims for injuries and illnesses occurring in 1980 among individuals under 18.

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  • Calculation of injury rates using 1979 employment data from the 1980 census for 24 participating states.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 23,823 claims were reported for individuals under 18, with 10% involving those younger than 16.
    • Injury rates were 12.6 per 100 full-time males and 6.6 per 100 full-time females (ages 16-17).
    • Serious injuries included fractures (5.8%), dislocations (0.7%), and amputations (0.6%). Machines and vehicles were implicated in 8.3% and 5.8% of claims, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Data indicate that current child labor laws may not adequately protect minors from occupational injuries.
    • A significant number of serious injuries and fatalities occur in this age group, highlighting the need for enhanced preventive strategies.
    • Further research and policy interventions are recommended to improve safety for young workers.