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Related Concept Videos

Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

In Vivo Two-photon Imaging of Megakaryocytes and Proplatelets in the Mouse Skull Bone Marrow
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Floating Bone Phenomenon in Pierre Robin Sequence.

Marco Fontanari1, Valentino Vellone2, Francesco Maffia1

  • 1Sapienza University of Rome.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|April 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The floating bone phenomenon describes spontaneous mandibular repositioning after failed distraction osteogenesis in Pierre Robin sequence patients. This natural self-adjustment improves facial symmetry and mandibular function without further intervention.

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In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint
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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial surgery
  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric dentistry

Background:

  • Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) often involves severe micrognathia, necessitating mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO).
  • Failed MDO can result in suboptimal mandibular positioning, impacting function and aesthetics.
  • Spontaneous correction of mandibular position has been observed, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of spontaneous mandibular self-adjustment after failed MDO in PRS patients.
  • To introduce and define the "floating bone phenomenon" as a potential factor in PRS management.
  • To analyze the quantitative changes in mandibular position and symmetry following failed MDO.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of five PRS patients with severe micrognathia and failed MDO.
  • Inclusion criteria: PRS, MDO protocol, postoperative malpositioning, and availability of pre- and post-operative CT scans.
  • Quantitative assessment of mandibular dental centerline deviation, rotation, elongation, and mandibular body lowering using CT scans.

Main Results:

  • Three patients showed normalization of mandibular dental centerline deviation after initial malpositioning.
  • Significant improvements in mandibular symmetry and functional position were observed in most patients.
  • Mean mandibular body rotation was 25.6°, with a mean distraction of 14.1 mm and a mean lowering of 7.7 mm.

Conclusions:

  • The "floating bone phenomenon" may explain spontaneous mandibular repositioning in PRS patients post-MDO failure.
  • This phenomenon offers a potential paradigm shift in managing PRS, possibly reducing the need for revision surgeries.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the mechanisms and clinical implications of the floating bone phenomenon in PRS management.