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Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19

Xiaowei Li1,2, Manman Geng1,2, Yizhao Peng1,2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
|April 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19. This review covers SARS-CoV-2 features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, drawing insights from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2.
  • SARS-CoV-2 is the third highly pathogenic coronavirus to infect humans this century, following SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
  • Understanding prior coronavirus outbreaks is crucial for addressing the current pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of SARS-CoV-2 general features.
  • To discuss the molecular immune pathogenesis of COVID-19.
  • To explore current diagnostic and treatment strategies for COVID-19, informed by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.

Main Methods:

  • Minireview of existing scientific literature.
  • Comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on viral pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • General characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 are outlined.
  • Insights into the molecular immune pathogenesis of COVID-19 are presented.
  • Current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are reviewed, highlighting parallels with SARS and MERS.

Conclusions:

  • Knowledge from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections offers valuable insights into SARS-CoV-2.
  • Understanding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment can identify potential therapeutic targets.
  • This review aims to contribute novel perspectives for combating SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Keywords:
CoronavirusMERS-CoVPathogenesisSARS-CoVSARS-CoV-2

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