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Cognitive and Behavioral Functioning in Hearing-Impaired Children with and without Language Delay.
Alisha Williams1, Margaret Pulsifer1,2,3, Kristin Tissera1
1Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Summary
Children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who have language impairments often show deficits in adaptive and motor skills. Behavioral dysregulation is also more common in these children.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Audiology
Background:
- Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) can impact language development.
- Potential co-occurring neurologic or neurodevelopmental conditions may influence communication abilities in children with SNHL.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate linguistic and nonlinguistic neurodevelopmental differences in children with congenital, bilateral SNHL.
- To compare children with SNHL who are language-impaired (LI) versus non-language-impaired (NLI).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 22 children (mean age 4.0 years) with congenital, bilateral SNHL.
- Assessment of language, neurodevelopmental functioning, and behavior.
- Comparison of LI (n=12) and NLI (n=10) groups.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in pure-tone thresholds or nonverbal intelligence between LI and NLI groups.
- The LI group showed significantly lower adaptive skills (overall, personal living, motor).
- Behavioral dysregulation was significantly higher in the LI group (58% vs 10%, P = .031).
Conclusions:
- Nonlinguistic processing deficits may contribute to language impairment in children with SNHL.
- Findings suggest that factors beyond auditory deficits, such as adaptive skills and behavior, are important in language development for this population.
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