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Highly efficient surface-emitting semiconductor lasers exploiting quasi-crystalline distributed feedback photonic

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  • 11NEST, CNR - Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.

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Quasi-crystal patterns on quantum cascade lasers enable mirrorless feedback and extraction of optical modes. This approach achieves tunable, efficient THz laser emission with controlled spectra and beam divergence.

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Area of Science:

  • Terahertz (THz) photonics
  • Semiconductor laser technology
  • Quasi-crystal applications

Background:

  • Quasi-crystal distributed feedback lasers offer mirrorless radiation amplification and extraction.
  • Implementing quasi-crystal patterns on semiconductor lasers allows tuning of optical modes and emission characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply quasi-crystal patterning to a one-dimensional quantum cascade wire laser.
  • To investigate the tunability of emission spectra and power output using quasi-crystal designs.

Main Methods:

  • Lithographically patterned air slits following the Octonacci sequence on the laser's top metal layer.
  • Utilized a double-metal quantum cascade laser operating at THz frequencies.
  • Varied slit widths to control feedback and mode extraction.

Main Results:

  • Achieved tunable emission from single-frequency-mode to multimode over a 530-GHz bandwidth.
  • Reached a maximum peak optical power of 240 mW (multimode) and 190 mW (single-frequency-mode).
  • Demonstrated record slope efficiencies for surface-emitting THz lasers (up to ≈720 mW/A) and wall-plug efficiencies of ≈1%.

Conclusions:

  • Quasi-crystal patterning provides an effective method for controlling THz quantum cascade laser emission.
  • This technique enables efficient, tunable laser operation with tailored spectral properties and beam characteristics.
  • The results highlight the potential of quasi-crystals in advanced photonic device design.