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Atherosclerosis and disturbances in flow.

D Charlesworth1, J H Gerrard

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.

Annals of Vascular Surgery
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered that a ring vortex in tapered tubes, influenced by flow, Reynolds number, and taper angle, may trigger atherosclerosis. This vortex formation, simulated in models of the superficial femoral artery, leads to high-frequency stress oscillations.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Cardiovascular research

Background:

  • Flow in tapered tubes can lead to complex phenomena.
  • Atherosclerosis is a major cardiovascular disease.
  • Understanding arterial flow dynamics is crucial for cardiovascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of ring vortices in tapered tubes.
  • To simulate conditions in the superficial femoral artery.
  • To explore the potential link between vortex formation and atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments on flow in a tapered tube.
  • Dimensional analysis to simulate arterial conditions.
  • Varying parameters like peak reversed flow, Reynolds number, and taper angle.

Main Results:

  • A ring vortex can be produced under specific conditions.
  • Vortex formation depends on the product of peak reversed flow, Reynolds number, and taper angle.
  • Simulated arterial conditions showed vortex formation within a physiological frequency range.

Conclusions:

  • Ring vortex formation in arteries is possible.
  • High-frequency stress oscillations caused by vortices may initiate atherosclerosis.
  • Distal stenosis could induce the initiating ring vortex.

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