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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

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Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Tissue-specific miRNA Expression Profiling in Mouse Heart Sections Using In Situ Hybridization
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Non-coding RNAs in Physiological Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Lijun Wang1, Jiaqi Wang1, Guoping Li2

  • 1Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate gene expression and are crucial in physiological cardiac hypertrophy, distinct from pathological forms. Exploring these ncRNAs offers new insights for treating heart failure and cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords:
CircRNAsLncRNAsMiRNAsNcRNAsPhysiological cardiac hypertrophy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical research
  • Molecular biology
  • Cardiovascular science

Background:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, impacting various physiological processes.
  • Cardiac hypertrophy, characterized by heart muscle enlargement, occurs in both physiological (e.g., exercise-induced) and pathological forms.
  • Physiological cardiac hypertrophy typically preserves systolic function without fibrosis, unlike its pathological counterpart.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the definition, characteristics, and functions of major ncRNA types (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs).
  • To summarize bioinformatics databases relevant to ncRNA research.
  • To focus on the characteristics, mechanisms, and regulatory roles of ncRNAs in physiological cardiac hypertrophy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on ncRNAs and cardiac hypertrophy.
  • Discussion of bioinformatics tools and databases for ncRNA analysis.
  • Focus on mechanistic insights into ncRNA regulation during physiological cardiac hypertrophy.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, play significant roles in cellular processes.
  • Physiological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with specific ncRNA profiles.
  • Understanding ncRNA regulation in physiological hypertrophy provides a novel research avenue.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are critical regulators in physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
  • Exploring ncRNAs specific to physiological hypertrophy may reveal new therapeutic targets.
  • This research perspective could lead to novel interventions for heart failure and cardiovascular diseases.