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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
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Non-coding RNAs and Cardiac Arrhythmias.

Filip Šustr1, Zdeněk Stárek2, Miroslav Souček1

  • 1Second Department of Internal Medicine of St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate cardiac ion channels and connexins, impacting heart rhythm. Dysregulation of these ncRNAs contributes to cardiac arrhythmias, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
ArrhythmiaCACNA1CConnexin 43Ion channelsMicroRNANon-coding RNA

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Cardiac arrhythmias stem from complex pathophysiology, often involving ion channel dysfunction.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of cardiac gene expression, including ion channels and connexins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the electrophysiological properties of myocardium, focusing on action potential generation and propagation.
  • To elucidate the role of ncRNAs, particularly microRNAs, in regulating cardiac ion channels and connexins.
  • To discuss the clinical implications of ncRNA dysregulation in cardiac arrhythmias.

Main Methods:

  • Review of basic electrophysiological principles of cardiac cells (pacemaker and non-pacemaker).
  • Detailed examination of ion channels (sodium, potassium, calcium) and their regulation by ncRNAs.
  • Focus on microRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs significantly influence the expression of key ion channels and intercellular connection proteins like connexins.
  • MicroRNAs are a primary focus, demonstrating substantial regulatory roles in cardiac electrophysiology.
  • Altered ncRNA function is linked to the development of cardiac arrhythmias.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are critical modulators of cardiac electrophysiology and rhythm.
  • Understanding ncRNA regulation of ion channels offers insights into arrhythmia pathogenesis.
  • Future research into ncRNAs may reveal novel therapeutic strategies for cardiac arrhythmias.